the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
The DAURE field campaign: meteorological overview
Abstract. From end of February until March 2009 and July 2009 the experimental campaign named DAURE took place in northeastern Spain in both an urban and rural sites (Barcelona city and Montseny Natural Park) with the main objective of studying the formation and transport processes of particulate matter in the region. Several groups collaborated in an extensive measurement campaign with aerosol monitoring, meteorological measurements, atmospheric vertical structure retrievals from LIDAR and supported by numerical simulations of the meteorological and air quality conditions over the region. In this article, we present a description of the main meteorological conditions that affected the Barcelona geographical area during the campaign. The main synoptic conditions are identified and discussed by means of meteorological observations and numerical weather prediction models. Furthermore, a detailed analysis of the local meteorological conditions during the campaign is also presented. The characteristic surface wind field and the vertical structure of the main flows affecting Barcelona and the Montseny rural site are discussed using high-resolution mesoscale meteorological simulations, vertical profiles of LIDAR measurements, radiosoundings, and analysis of backward dispersion simulations with a Lagrangian model. The analysis permits the identification of three main meteorological regimes for the winter campaign (February and March 2009): a first regime dominated by high-pressure conditions over Barcelona and western Mediterranean Basin, high insolation, and the development of thermally-driven wind flows. A second regime is characterized by a strong northwestern advection that produced a cleansing action over the atmosphere. And a third identified regime is dominated by strong stagnant conditions produced by thermal inversions that decouple the low troposphere of plain and coastal areas from mountainous terrains. On the other hand, the main meteorological regimes identified for the summer campaign (July 2009) are: a typical summer recirculation pattern, with low pressure gradients over the western Mediterranean basin, high insolation and development of mesoscale features, a second pattern characterized by the advection of southern air masses enriched with mineral dust from North Africa, and a third zonal advective scenario associated with frontal systems that inhibits the mesoscale circulations and leads to some precipitating events over northeastern Spain. Finally, a classification of the main dispersion patterns deduced from backward Lagrangian simulations is presented and discussed. The results help identify the main flow patterns that lead to the formation and accumulation of particulate matter within the boundary layer, and may produce high pollutant concentrations at Montseny or Barcelona sites. During the DAURE winter and summer campaigns, typical meteorological conditions that lead to air pollution episodes of particulate matter within the Western Mediterranean Basin were observed.
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Interactive discussion
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RC C725: 'Review', Anonymous Referee #1, 10 Mar 2011
- AC C831: 'Initial response to referee 1', Oriol Jorba, 14 Mar 2011
- AC C2803: 'Final response to Referee #1:', Oriol Jorba, 05 May 2011
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RC C1385: 'last version', Anonymous Referee #2, 31 Mar 2011
- AC C2801: 'Final response to Referee #2', Oriol Jorba, 05 May 2011
Interactive discussion
-
RC C725: 'Review', Anonymous Referee #1, 10 Mar 2011
- AC C831: 'Initial response to referee 1', Oriol Jorba, 14 Mar 2011
- AC C2803: 'Final response to Referee #1:', Oriol Jorba, 05 May 2011
-
RC C1385: 'last version', Anonymous Referee #2, 31 Mar 2011
- AC C2801: 'Final response to Referee #2', Oriol Jorba, 05 May 2011
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Cited
12 citations as recorded by crossref.
- CALIOPE-Urban v1.0: coupling R-LINE with a mesoscale air quality modelling system for urban air quality forecasts over Barcelona city (Spain) J. Benavides et al. 10.5194/gmd-12-2811-2019
- Fossil versus contemporary sources of fine elemental and organic carbonaceous particulate matter during the DAURE campaign in Northeast Spain M. Minguillón et al. 10.5194/acp-11-12067-2011
- Particle-phase concentrations and sources of legacy and novel flame retardants in outdoor and indoor environments across Spain C. Reche et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.408
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- Contrasting winter and summer VOC mixing ratios at a forest site in the Western Mediterranean Basin: the effect of local biogenic emissions R. Seco et al. 10.5194/acp-11-13161-2011
- Molecular marker characterization of the organic composition of submicron aerosols from Mediterranean urban and rural environments under contrasting meteorological conditions B. van Drooge et al. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.07.039
- Variations in time and space of trace metal aerosol concentrations in urban areas and their surroundings T. Moreno et al. 10.5194/acp-11-9415-2011
- Identification and quantification of organic aerosol from cooking and other sources in Barcelona using aerosol mass spectrometer data C. Mohr et al. 10.5194/acp-12-1649-2012
- Summer ammonia measurements in a densely populated Mediterranean city M. Pandolfi et al. 10.5194/acp-12-7557-2012
- Intense dust and extremely fresh biomass burning outbreak in Barcelona, Spain: characterization of their optical properties and estimation of their direct radiative forcing M. Sicard et al. 10.1088/1748-9326/7/3/034016
- Spatial Variation of Aerosol Chemical Composition and Organic Components Identified by Positive Matrix Factorization in the Barcelona Region C. Mohr et al. 10.1021/acs.est.5b02149
- Influences of natural emission sources (wildfires and Saharan dust) on the urban organic aerosol in Barcelona (Western Mediterranean Basis) during a PM event B. van Drooge et al. 10.1007/s11356-012-0890-4