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<article language="en">
	<journal>
		<journal_title>Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions</journal_title>
		<journal_url>www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net</journal_url>
		<issn>1680-7367</issn>
		<eissn>1680-7375</eissn>
		<volume_number>9</volume_number>
		<issue_number>1</issue_number>
		<publication_year>2009</publication_year>
	</journal>
	<doi>10.5194/acpd-9-5263-2009</doi>
	<article_url>http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/9/5263/2009/</article_url>
	<abstract_html>http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/9/5263/2009/acpd-9-5263-2009.html</abstract_html>
	<fulltext_pdf>http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/9/5263/2009/acpd-9-5263-2009.pdf</fulltext_pdf>
	<start_page>5263</start_page>
	<end_page>5287</end_page>
	<publication_date>2009-02-27</publication_date>
	<article_title content_type="html">Effects of boundary layer particle formation on cloud droplet number and changes in cloud albedo from 1850 to 2000</article_title>
	<authors>
		<author numeration="1" affiliations="1">
			<name>J. Merikanto</name>
			<email>j.merikanto@leeds.ac.uk</email>
		</author>
		<author numeration="2" affiliations="1">
			<name>D. V. Spracklen</name>
		</author>
		<author numeration="3" affiliations="2">
			<name>K. J. Pringle</name>
		</author>
		<author numeration="4" affiliations="1">
			<name>K. S. Carslaw</name>
		</author>
	</authors>
	<affiliations>
		<affiliation numeration="1" content_type="html">School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK</affiliation>
		<affiliation numeration="2" content_type="html">Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany</affiliation>
	</affiliations>
	<abstract content_type="html">We use a global aerosol microphysics model to estimate the effect of boundary
layer particle formation on cloud droplet number concentration (CDNC) on
global and regional scales. The calculations are carried out for years 1850
and 2000 using historical emissions inventories for primary particles and
aerosol precursor gases. Predicted CDNC in 2000 are in good agreement with
in-situ observations when particle formation is included. We find that
particle formation increases global annual mean CDNC by approximately the
same amount in both years (16.0% in 1850 and 13.5% in 2000). Thus, global
mean changes in cloud albedo are similar with and without particle formation.
However, there are substantial regional effects of up to 50% enhancement or
suppression of the 1850â€“2000 albedo change. Over most modern-day polluted
Northern Hemisphere regions particle formation suppresses the 1850â€“2000
increase in CDNC and cloud albedo. Over the Arctic the albedo change is
suppressed by 23% in the annual mean and by 43% in summer when particle
formation is taken into account. The albedo change of the persistent
stratocumulus cloud deck west of Chile is enhanced by 49%.</abstract>
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</article>

