ACPD Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions ACPD 1680-7375 Copernicus GmbH Göttingen, Germany 10.5194/acpd-9-27401-2009 Characterization of Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) CO<sub>2</sub> for carbon cycle science Kulawik S. S. 1 Jones D. B. A. 2 Nassar R. 2 3 Irion F. W. 1 Worden J. R. 1 Bowman K. W. 1 Machida T. 4 Matsueda H. 5 Sawa Y. 4 Biraud S. C. 6 Fischer M. 7 Jacobson A. R. 8 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology. 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA, 91109, USA University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada University of Toronto, Department of Geography, Toronto, Ontario, Canada National Institute for Environmental studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba-City, Ibaraki, 305-8506 Japan Meteorological Research Institute, 1-1 Nagamine, Tsukuba-city, Ibaraki 305-0052 Japan Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, Berkeley, CA, USA E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Berkeley, CA, USA NOAA Earth System Research Lab, Global Monitoring Division, Boulder, Colorado, USA 18 12 2009 9 6 27401 27464 This is an open-access article ditributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. This article is available from http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/9/27401/2009/acpd-9-27401-2009.html The full text article is available as a PDF file from http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/9/27401/2009/acpd-9-27401-2009.pdf

We present carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) estimates from the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) on the EOS-Aura satellite launched in 2004. For observations between 40&deg; S and 45&deg; N, we find about 1 degree of freedom with peak sensitivity at 511 hPa. The estimated error is ~10 ppm for a single target and about 1.3 ppm for monthly averages on spatial scales of 20&deg;&times;30&deg;. Monthly spatially-averaged TES results from 2005–2008 processed with a uniform initial guess and prior are compared to CONTRAIL aircraft data over the Pacific ocean, aircraft data at the Southern Great Plains (SGP) ARM site in the southern US, and the Mauna Loa and Samoa surface stations. Comparisons to Mauna Loa observatory show a correlation of 0.92, a standard deviation of 1.3 ppm, a predicted error of 1.2 ppm, and a ~2% low bias, which is subsequently corrected, and comparisons to SGP aircraft data over land show a correlation of 0.67 and a standard deviation of 2.3 ppm. TES data between 40&deg; S and 45&deg; N for 2006–2007 are compared to surface flask data, GLOBALVIEW, the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS), and CarbonTracker. Comparison to GLOBALVIEW-CO<sub>2</sub> ocean surface sites shows a correlation of 0.60 which drops when TES is offset in latitude, longitude, or time. At these same locations, TES shows a 0.62 and 0.67 correlation to CarbonTracker with TES observation operator at the surface and 5 km, respectively. We also conducted an observing system simulation experiment to assess the potential utility of the TES data for inverse modeling of CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes. We find that if biases in the data and model are well characterized, the averaged data have the potential to provide sufficient information to significantly reduce uncertainty on annual estimates of regional CO<sub>2</sub> sources and sinks. Averaged pseudo-data at 10&deg;&times;10&deg; reduced uncertainty in flux estimates by as much as 70% for some tropical regions.

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