Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net 1680-7367 1680-7375 9 6 2009 10.5194/acpd-9-23271-2009 http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/9/23271/2009/ http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/9/23271/2009/acpd-9-23271-2009.html http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/9/23271/2009/acpd-9-23271-2009.pdf 23271 23318 2009-11-02 An aerosol chamber investigation of the heterogeneous ice nucleating potential of refractory nanoparticles R. W. Saunders r.w.saunders@leeds.ac.uk O. Möhler M. Schnaiter S. Benz R. Wagner H. Saathoff P. J. Connolly R. Burgess M. Gallagher R. Wills B. J. Murray J. M. C. Plane School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK Nanoparticles of iron oxide (crystalline and amorphous), silicon oxide and magnesium oxide were investigated for their propensity to nucleate ice over the temperature range 180–250 K, using the AIDA chamber in Karlsruhe, Germany. All samples were observed to initiate ice formation via the deposition mode at threshold ice super-saturations (RHi thresh) ranging from 105% to 140% for temperatures below 220 K. Approximately 10% of amorphous Fe2O3 particles (modal diameter = 30 nm) generated in situ from a photochemical aerosol reactor, led to ice nucleation at RHi thresh = 140% at an initial chamber temperature of 182 K. Quantitative analysis using a singular hypothesis treatment provided a fitted function [ns (190 K) = 10(3.33×sice)+8.16] for the variation in ice-active surface site density (ns: m−2) with ice saturation (sice) for Fe2O3 nanoparticles. This was implemented in an aerosol-cloud model to determine a predicted deposition (mass accommodation) coefficient for water vapour on ice of 0.1 at temperatures appropriate for the upper atmosphere. Classical nucleation theory was used to determine representative contact angles (θ) for the different particle compositions. For the in situ generated Fe2O3 particles, a slight inverse temperature dependence was observed with θ = 10.5° at 182 K, decreasing to 9.0° at 200 K (compared with 10.2° and 11.4°, respectively for the SiO2 and MgO particle samples at the higher temperature). 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