Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net 1680-7367 1680-7375 8 2 2008 10.5194/acpd-8-7189-2008 http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/8/7189/2008/ http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/8/7189/2008/acpd-8-7189-2008.html http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/8/7189/2008/acpd-8-7189-2008.pdf 7189 7216 2008-04-14 Ternary solution of sodium chloride, succinic acid and water – surface tension and its influence on cloud droplet activation J. Vanhanen joonas.vanhanen@fmi.fi A.-P. Hyvärinen T. Anttila Y. Viisanen H. Lihavainen Finnish Meteorological Institute, Erik Palménin aukio 1, P.O. Box 503, 00101 Helsinki, Finland Surface tension of ternary solution of sodium chloride, succinic acid and water was measured as a function of both composition and temperature by using the capillary rise technique. Both sodium chloride and succinic acid are found in atmospheric aerosols, the former being main constituent of marine aerosol. Succinic acid was found to decrease the surface tension of water already at very low concentrations. Sodium chloride increased the surface tension linearly as a function of the concentration. Surface tensions of both binary solutions agreed well with the previous measurements. Succinic acid was found to lower the surface tension even if sodium chloride is present, indicating that succinic acid as a surface active compound tends to concentrate to the surface. An equation based on thermodynamical relations was fitted to the data. As a result, a surface tension parameterization of ternary solution was obtained over the whole concentration range. The parameterization can safely be used at temperatures from 10 to 30°C. These kinds of parameterizations are important for example in atmospheric nucleation models. To investigate the influence of surface tension on cloud droplet activation, the surface tension parameterization was included in an adiabatic air parcel model. 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