Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions
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10.5194/acpd-8-4911-2008
http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/8/4911/2008/
http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/8/4911/2008/acpd-8-4911-2008.html
http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/8/4911/2008/acpd-8-4911-2008.pdf
4911
4947
2008-03-06
Model simulations of stratospheric ozone loss caused by enhanced mesospheric NO<sub>x</sub> during Arctic Winter 2003/2004
B. Vogel
b.vogel@fz-juelich.de
P. Konopka
J.-U. Grooß
R. Müller
B. Funke
M. Lopéz-Puertas
T. Reddmann
G. Stiller
T. von Clarmann
M. Riese
Research Centre Jülich, Institute for Stratospheric Research (ICG-1), Jülich, Germany
Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía, CSIC, Granada, Spain
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research, Karlsruhe, Germany
Satellite observations show that the enormous solar proton events
(SPEs) in October–November 2003 had significant effects on the
composition of the stratosphere and mesosphere in the polar
regions. After the October–November 2003 SPEs and in early 2004 significant
enhancements of NO<sub>x</sub>(=NO+NO<sub>2</sub>) in the upper
stratosphere and lower mesosphere in the Northern Hemisphere were
observed by several satellite instruments. Here we present global full
chemistry calculations performed with the CLaMS model to study the
impact of mesospheric NO<sub>x</sub> intrusions on Arctic polar ozone loss
processes in the stratosphere. Several model simulations are preformed
with different upper boundary conditions for NO<sub>x</sub> at 2000 K
potential temperature (≈50 km altitude). In our study we focus on the
impact of the non-local production of NO<sub>x</sub> which means the downward
transport of enhanced NO<sub>x</sub> from the mesosphere in the stratosphere.
The local production of NO<sub>x</sub> in the stratosphere is neglected. Our
findings show that intrusions of mesospheric air into the
stratosphere, transporting high burdens of NO<sub>x</sub>, affect the
composition of the Arctic polar region down to about 400 K (≈17–18 km). We compare our simulated NO<sub>x</sub> and O<sub>3</sub> mixing ratios
with satellite observations by ACE-FTS and MIPAS processed at IMK/IAA
and derive an upper limit for the ozone loss caused by enhanced
mesospheric NO<sub>x</sub>. Our findings show that in the Arctic polar vortex
(Equivalent Lat.>70° N) the accumulated column ozone loss
between 350–2000 K potential temperature
(≈14–50 km altitude) caused by the SPEs in October–November 2003 in the
stratosphere is up to 3.3 DU with an upper limit of 5.5 DU until
end of November. Further we found that about 10 DU but lower than
18 DU accumulated ozone loss additionally occurs until end of March
2004 caused by the transport of mesospheric NO<sub>x</sub>-rich air in early
2004. In the lower stratosphere (350–700 K≈14–27 km altitude) the SPEs of October–November 2003 have negligible small impact
on ozone loss processes until end of November and the mesospheric
NO<sub>x</sub> intrusions in early 2004 yield ozone loss about 3.5 DU, but
clearly lower than 6.5 DU until end of March. Overall, the non-local
production of NO<sub>x</sub> is an additional variability to the existing
variations of the ozone loss observed in the Arctic.
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