Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net 1680-7367 1680-7375 8 4 2008 10.5194/acpd-8-13903-2008 http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/8/13903/2008/ http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/8/13903/2008/acpd-8-13903-2008.html http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/8/13903/2008/acpd-8-13903-2008.pdf 13903 13942 2008-07-22 Possible influence of anthropogenic aerosols on cirrus clouds and anthropogenic forcing J. E. Penner penner@umich.edu Y. Chen M. Wang X. Liu Univ. of Michigan, Dept. of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Space Sciences, Ann Arbor, MI, USA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, USA Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA Cirrus clouds have a net warming effect on the atmosphere and cover about 30% of the Earth's area. Aerosol particles initiate ice formation in the upper troposphere through modes of action that include homogeneous freezing of solution droplets, heterogeneous nucleation on solid particles immersed in a solution, and deposition nucleation of vapor onto solid particles. Here, we examine the possible change in ice number concentration from anthropogenic soot originating from surface sources of fossil fuel and biomass burning, from anthropogenic sulfate aerosols, and from aircraft that deposit their aerosols directly in the upper troposphere. We find that fossil fuel and biomass burning soot aerosols exert a radiative forcing of −0.68 to 0.01 Wm^−2 while anthropogenic sulfate aerosols exert a forcing of −0.01 to 0.18 Wm^−2. Our calculations show that the sign of the forcing by aircraft soot depends on the model configuration and can be both positive or negative, ranging from −0.16 to 0.02 Wm^−2. 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