Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions
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10.5194/acpd-7-17429-2007
http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/7/17429/2007/
http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/7/17429/2007/acpd-7-17429-2007.html
http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/7/17429/2007/acpd-7-17429-2007.pdf
17429
17474
2007-11-29
Investigating the sources and atmospheric processing of fine particles from Asia and the Northwestern United States measured during INTEX B
R. E. Peltier
peltir01@med.nyu.edu
A. H. Hecobian
R. J. Weber
A. Stohl
E. L. Atlas
D. D. Riemer
D. R. Blake
E. Apel
T. Campos
T. Karl
Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Earth and Atmospheric Science, Atlanta, GA 30332-0340, USA
Norwegian Institute for Air Research, 2027 Kjeller, Norway
University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Miami, FL 33149-1098, USA
Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697-2025, USA
National Center for Atmospheric Research, Atmospheric Chemistry Division, Boulder, CO 80307, USA
now at: Dept. of Environmental Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, Tuxedo, NY 10987, USA
During the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Intercontinental Chemical Transport Experiment, Phase B (INTEX-B), in the
spring of 2006, airborne measurements were made in the United States Pacific
Northwest of the major inorganic ions and the water-soluble organic carbon
(WSOC) of submicron (PM<sub>1.0</sub>) aerosol. An atmospheric trajectory
(Hysplit) and a Lagrangian particle dispersion model (Flexpart) quantifying
source contributions for carbon monoxide (CO) was used to segregate air
masses into those of primarily Asian influence (>75% Asian CO) or
North American influence (>75% North American CO). Of the measured
compounds, fine particle mass mostly consisted of water-soluble organic
carbon and sulfate, with highest median WSOC and sulfate concentrations in
North American air masses. The fraction of WSOC to sulfate was significantly
lower than one at altitudes above 3 km, opposite to what has been observed
closer to Asia and in the northeastern United States, where organic
components were at higher concentrations than sulfate in the free
troposphere. The observations could be explained by loss of sulfate and
organic aerosol due to precipitation scavenging, with reformation of mainly
sulfate during advection from Asia to North America. WSOC sources were
investigated by multivariate linear regression analyses of WSOC and volatile
organic compounds (VOCs). In Asian air masses, of the WSOC variability that
could be explained (49%), most were related to fossil fuel combustion
VOCs, compared to North American air masses, where 75% of the WSOC
variability was explained through a nearly equal combination of fossil fuel
combustion and biogenic VOCs. Distinct WSOC plumes encountered during the
experiment were also studied. A plume observed near the California Central
Valley at 0.6 km altitude was related to both fossil fuel combustion and
biogenic VOCs. Another Central Valley plume observed over Nevada at 3 to 5 km, in a region of cloud detrainment, was mostly related to biogenic VOCs.
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