Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net 1680-7367 1680-7375 7 6 2007 10.5194/acpd-7-15911-2007 http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/7/15911/2007/ http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/7/15911/2007/acpd-7-15911-2007.html http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/7/15911/2007/acpd-7-15911-2007.pdf 15911 15954 2007-11-13 Air pollution during the 2003 European heat wave as seen by MOZAIC airliners M. Tressol marc.tressol@aero.obs-mip.fr C. Ordonez R. Zbinden V. Thouret C. Mari P. Nedelec J.-P. Cammas H. Smit H.-W. Patz A. Volz-Thomas Laboratoire d'Aérologie, UMR 5560, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, 14 Avenue E. Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France Institut für Chemie und Dynamik der Geosphäre II: Troposphäre, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany This study presents an analysis of both MOZAIC profiles above Frankfurt and Lagrangian dispersion model simulations for the 2003 European heat wave. The comparison of MOZAIC measurements in summer 2003 with the 11-year MOZAIC climatology reflects strong temperature anomalies (exceeding 4°C) throughout the lower troposphere. Higher positive anomalies of temperature and negative anomalies of both wind speed and relative humidity are found for the period defined here as the heat wave (2–14 August 2003), compared to the periods before (16–31 July 2003) and after (16–31 August 2003) the heat wave. In addition, Lagrangian model simulations in backward mode indicate the suppressed long-range transport in the mid- to lower troposphere and the enhanced southern origin of air masses for all tropospheric levels during the heat wave. Ozone and carbon monoxide also present strong anomalies (both ~ +40 ppbv) during the heat wave, with a maximum vertical extension reaching 6 km altitude around 11 August 2003. Pollution in the planetary boundary layer (PBL) is enhanced during the day, with ozone mixing ratios two times higher than climatological values. This is due to a combination of factors, such as high temperature and radiation, stagnation of air masses and weak dry deposition, which favour the accumulation of ozone precursors and the build-up of ozone. A negligible role of a stratospheric-origin ozone tracer has been found for the lower troposphere in this study. From 29 July to 15 August 2003 forest fires burned around 0.3×10⁶ ha) in Portugal and added to atmospheric pollution in Europe. Layers with enhanced CO and NO_y mixing ratios, probably advected from Portugal, were crossed by the MOZAIC aircraft in the free troposphere over Frankfurt. A series of forward and backward Lagrangian model simulations have been performed to investigate the origin of these anomalies. 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