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<article language="en">
	<journal>
		<journal_title>Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions</journal_title>
		<journal_url>www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net</journal_url>
		<issn>1680-7367</issn>
		<eissn>1680-7375</eissn>
		<volume_number>7</volume_number>
		<issue_number>5</issue_number>
		<publication_year>2007</publication_year>
	</journal>
	<doi>10.5194/acpd-7-14639-2007</doi>
	<article_url>http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/7/14639/2007/</article_url>
	<abstract_html>http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/7/14639/2007/acpd-7-14639-2007.html</abstract_html>
	<fulltext_pdf>http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/7/14639/2007/acpd-7-14639-2007.pdf</fulltext_pdf>
	<start_page>14639</start_page>
	<end_page>14674</end_page>
	<publication_date>2007-10-15</publication_date>
	<article_title content_type="html">Global anthropogenic aerosol effects on convective clouds in ECHAM5-HAM</article_title>
	<authors>
		<author numeration="1" affiliations="1">
			<name>U. Lohmann</name>
			<email>ulrike.lohmann@env.ethz.ch</email>
		</author>
	</authors>
	<affiliations>
		<affiliation numeration="1" content_type="html">Institute of Atmospheric and Climate  Science, ETH Zurich, Universitätsstr. 16, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland</affiliation>
	</affiliations>
	<abstract content_type="html">Aerosols affect the climate system by changing cloud
characteristics in  many ways. They act as cloud condensation and ice
nuclei and may have an influence on the hydrological cycle. Here we
investigate  aerosol effects on convective clouds by extending the
double moment cloud microphysics scheme developed for stratiform
clouds to convective clouds in the ECHAM5 general circulation
model. This increases the liquid water path in the tropics and reduces
the sensitivity of the liquid water path with increasing aerosol
optical depth in better agreement with observations and large-eddy
simulation studies. In simulations in
which greenhouse gases and aerosols emissions are increased since
pre-industrial times, accounting for microphysics in convective clouds
matches most closely the observed increase in precipitation. The total
anthropogenic aerosol effect since pre-industrial time is
 slightly reduced from  &amp;minus;1.6 to &amp;minus;1.9 W m&lt;sup&gt;&amp;minus;2&lt;/sup&gt; when microphysics are only
included in stratiform clouds to &amp;minus;1.5 W m&lt;sup&gt;&amp;minus;2&lt;/sup&gt; when microphysics are
included both in stratiform and convective clouds.</abstract>
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</article>

