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10.5194/acpd-7-13699-2007
http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/7/13699/2007/
http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/7/13699/2007/acpd-7-13699-2007.html
http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/7/13699/2007/acpd-7-13699-2007.pdf
13699
13732
2007-09-19
Hygroscopicity of the submicrometer aerosol at the high-alpine site Jungfraujoch, 3580 m a.s.l., Switzerland
S. Sjogren
M. Gysel
E. Weingartner
ernest.weingartner@psi.ch
M. R. Alfarra
J. Duplissy
J. Cozic
J. Crosier
H. Coe
U. Baltensperger
Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Science, University of Manchester, UK
Data from measurements of hygroscopic growth of submicrometer aerosol with a
hygroscopicity tandem differential mobility analyzer (HTDMA) during four
campaigns at the high alpine research station Jungfraujoch, Switzerland, are
presented. The campaigns took place during the years 2000, 2002, 2004 and
2005, each lasting approximately one month. In parallel, size resolved
chemical composition measurements with an aerosol mass spectrometer were
performed. A hygroscopic closure was done with the composition data using
the Zdanovskii-Stokes-Robinson relation. In general, a good agreement
between measured and modeled data was found, with some discrepancies caused
by instrumental noise at low aerosol loadings. Hygroscopic growth factors
(<i>GF</i>, i.e. the relative change in particle diameter from dry diameter,
<i>D</i><sub>0</sub>, to diameter measured at higher relative humidity, RH) are presented
for three distinct air mass types, namely for: 1) free tropospheric winter
conditions, 2) planetary boundary layer influenced air masses (during a
summer period) and 3) Saharan dust events (SDE). The <i>GF</i> values at 85% RH
(<i>D</i><sub>0</sub>=100 nm) were 1.40±0.11 and 1.29±0.08 for the first two
situations while for SDE a bimodal <i>GF</i> distribution was often found. No phase
changes were observed when the RH was varied between 10–90%, and the
continuous water uptake could be well described with a single-parameter
empirical model. The frequency distributions of the average hygroscopic
growth factors and the width of the retrieved growth factor distributions
(indicating whether the aerosol is internally or externally mixed) are
presented, which can be used for modeling purposes.
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