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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ACPD</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ACPD</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">1680-7375</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus GmbH</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/acpd-6-6401-2006</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Detecting charging state of ultra-fine particles: instrumental development and ambient measurements</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Laakso</surname>
<given-names>L.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Gagné</surname>
<given-names>S.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Petäjä</surname>
<given-names>T.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Hirsikko</surname>
<given-names>A.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Aalto</surname>
<given-names>P. P.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Kulmala</surname>
<given-names>M.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Kerminen</surname>
<given-names>V.-M.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Department of Physical Sciences, P.O. Box 64, 00014, University of Helsinki, Finland</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Finnish Meteorological Institute, Air Quality Research, P.O. BOX 503, 00101 Helsinki, Finland</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>13</day>
<month>07</month>
<year>2006</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>6</volume>
<issue>4</issue>
<fpage>6401</fpage>
<lpage>6429</lpage>
<permissions>
<license xlink:type="simple">
<license-p>This is an open-access article ditributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
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<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/6/6401/2006/acpd-6-6401-2006.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/6/6401/2006/acpd-6-6401-2006.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>The importance of ion-induced nucleation in the lower atmosphere
has been discussed for a long time. In this article we describe a
new instrumental setup &amp;ndash; Ion-DMPS &amp;ndash; which can be used to detect
contribution of ion-induced nucleation on atmospheric new particle
formation events. We performed several laboratory tests to test
the operation of the device and then we measured atmospheric new
particle formation events with the instrument in a boreal forest.
We found that some of the events were clearly dominated by neutral
nucleation but in some cases also ion-induced nucleation
contributed to the new particle formation. We also found that
negative and positive ions behaved in a different manner, days
with negative overcharging were more frequent than days with
positive overcharging. A simple order of magnitude estimate gave
the contribution of ion-induced nucleation on total nucleation
approximately 10%. During the neutral-dominated nucleation days
ion contribution was close to zero.</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="29"/></counts>
</article-meta>
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