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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ACPD</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ACPD</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">1680-7375</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus GmbH</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/acpd-6-615-2006</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Small HONO emissions from snow surfaces at Browning Pass, Antarctica</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Beine</surname>
<given-names>H. J.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Amoroso</surname>
<given-names>A.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Dominé</surname>
<given-names>F.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>King</surname>
<given-names>M. D.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Nardino</surname>
<given-names>M.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Ianniello</surname>
<given-names>A.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>France</surname>
<given-names>J. L.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>C.N.R. &amp;ndash; IIA, Via Salaria Km 29,3, 00 016 Monterotondo Scalo (Roma), Italy</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>CNRS &amp;ndash; LGGE, BP 96, 54 rue Moli&amp;egrave;re, 38 402 Saint Martin d’H&amp;egrave;res, France</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>Department of Geology, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey, TW20 0EX, UK</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff4">
<label>4</label>
<addr-line>C.N.R. &amp;ndash; IBIMET, Sezione di Bologna, via Gobetti 101, 40 129 Bologna, Italy</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>17</day>
<month>01</month>
<year>2006</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>6</volume>
<issue>1</issue>
<fpage>615</fpage>
<lpage>648</lpage>
<permissions>
<license xlink:type="simple">
<license-p>This is an open-access article ditributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
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<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/6/615/2006/acpd-6-615-2006.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/6/615/2006/acpd-6-615-2006.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>Measured Fluxes of nitrous acid at Browning
Pass, Antarctica were very low, despite conditions that are generally
understood as favorable for HONO emissions, including: acidic snow surfaces,
an abundance of NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&amp;minus;&lt;/sup&gt; anions in the snow surface, and abundant UV
light for NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&amp;minus;&lt;/sup&gt; photolysis. Photochemical modeling suggests noon
time HONO fluxes of 5&amp;ndash;10 nmol m&lt;sup&gt;&amp;minus;2&lt;/sup&gt; h&lt;sup&gt;&amp;minus;1&lt;/sup&gt;; the measured fluxes,
however, were close to zero throughout the campaign. The analysis of soluble
mineral ions in snow reveals that the NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&amp;minus;&lt;/sup&gt; ion is probably present
in aged snows as NaNO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;. This is peculiar to our study site, and we
suggest that this may affect the photochemical reactivity of NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&amp;minus;&lt;/sup&gt;,
by preventing the release of products, or providing a reactive medium for
newly formed HONO. In fresh snow, the NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&amp;minus;&lt;/sup&gt; ion is probably present
as dissolved or adsorbed HNO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; and yet, no HONO emissions were observed.
We speculate that HONO formation from NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&amp;minus;&lt;/sup&gt; photolysis may involve
electron transfer reactions of NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; from photosensitized organics and
that fresh snows at our site had insufficient concentrations of adequate
organic compounds to favor this reaction.</p>
</abstract>
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