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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ACPD</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ACPD</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">1680-7375</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus GmbH</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/acpd-6-5773-2006</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Analysis of non-regulated vehicular emissions by extractive FTIR spectrometry: tests on a hybrid car in Mexico City</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Reyes</surname>
<given-names>F.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Grutter</surname>
<given-names>M.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Jazcilevich</surname>
<given-names>A.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>González-Oropeza</surname>
<given-names>R.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Centro de Ciencias de la Atm&amp;oacute;sfera, Universidad Nacional Aut&amp;oacute;noma de M&amp;eacute;xico, 04510 M&amp;eacute;xico D.F., Mexico</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Facultad de Ingenier&amp;iacute;a, Universidad Nacional Aut&amp;oacute;noma de M&amp;eacute;xico, 04510 M&amp;eacute;xico D.F., Mexico</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>03</day>
<month>07</month>
<year>2006</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>6</volume>
<issue>4</issue>
<fpage>5773</fpage>
<lpage>5796</lpage>
<permissions>
<license xlink:type="simple">
<license-p>This is an open-access article ditributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/6/5773/2006/acpd-6-5773-2006.html">This article is available from http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/6/5773/2006/acpd-6-5773-2006.html</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/6/5773/2006/acpd-6-5773-2006.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/6/5773/2006/acpd-6-5773-2006.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>A methodology to acquire valuable information on the chemical composition
and evolution of vehicular emissions is presented. The analysis of the gases
is performed by passing a constant flow of a sample gas from the tail-pipe
into a 10 L multi-pass cell. The absorption spectra within the cell are
obtained using an FTIR spectrometer at 0.5 cm&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; resolution along a 13.1 m
optical path. Additionally, the total flow from the exhaust is
continuously measured from a differential pressure sensor on a &lt;I&gt;Pitot&lt;/I&gt;
tube installed at the exit of the exhaust. This configuration aims to obtain
a good speciation capability by coadding spectra during 30 s and reporting
the emission (in g/km) of key and non-regulated pollutants, such as
CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, CO, NO, SO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, HCHO, NMHC, during predetermined
driving routines. The advantages and disadvantages of increasing the
acquisition frequency, as well as the effect of other parameters such as
spectral resolution, cell volume and flow rate, are discussed. With the aim
of testing and evaluating the proposed technique, experiments were performed
on a dynamometer running FTP-75 and typical driving cycles of the Mexico
City Metropolitan Area (MCMA) on a Toyota Prius hybrid vehicle. This car is
an example of recent automotive technology to reach the market dedicated to
reduce emissions and therefore pressing the need of low detection
techniques. This study shows the potential of the proposed technique to
measure and report in real time the emissions of a large variety of
pollutants, even from a super ultra-low emission vehicle (SULEV). The
emissions of HC&apos;s, NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt;, CO and CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; obtained here are similar to
experiments performed in other locations with the same vehicle model. Some
differences suggest that an inefficient combustion process and type of
gasoline used in the MCMA may be partly responsible for lower CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and
higher CO and NO emission factors. Also, a fast reduction of NO emission to
very low values is observed after cold ignition, giving rise to moderate
N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O and eventually NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; emissions. The proposed technique provides
a tool for future studies comparing in detail the emissions of different
technologies using alternative fuels and emission control systems.</p>
</abstract>
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