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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ACPD</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ACPD</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">1680-7375</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus GmbH</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/acpd-5-12617-2005</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>An unusual stratospheric ozone decrease linked to isentropic air-mass transport as observed over Irene (25.5&amp;deg; S, 28.1&amp;deg; E) in mid-May 2002</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Semane</surname>
<given-names>N.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Bencherif</surname>
<given-names>H.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Morel</surname>
<given-names>B.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Hauchecorne</surname>
<given-names>A.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Diab</surname>
<given-names>R. D.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques, Direction de la Météorologie Nationale, Casablanca, Morocco</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Laboratoire de Physique de l’Atmosphère, UMR CNRS 8105, Université de La Réunion, Reunion Island, France</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>Service d’Aéronomie, UMR CNRS 7620, Paris, France</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff4">
<label>4</label>
<addr-line>University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>07</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2005</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>5</volume>
<issue>6</issue>
<fpage>12617</fpage>
<lpage>12639</lpage>
<permissions>
<license xlink:type="simple">
<license-p>This is an open-access article ditributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/5/12617/2005/acpd-5-12617-2005.html">This article is available from http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/5/12617/2005/acpd-5-12617-2005.html</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/5/12617/2005/acpd-5-12617-2005.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/5/12617/2005/acpd-5-12617-2005.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>A prominent ozone minimum of less than 240 Dobson Units (DU) was observed
over Irene (25.5&amp;deg; S, 28.1&amp;deg; E) by the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer
(TOMS) during May 2002 with extremely low ozone value of less than 219 DU
recorded on 12 May, as compared to a climatological mean of 249 DU for
May between 1999 and 2005. In this study, the vertical structure of this
ozone minimum is examined using ozonesonde measurements performed over Irene
on 15 May 2002, when the total ozone (as given by TOMS) was about 226 DU.
Indeed, it is found that the ozone minimum is of Antarctic polar origin with
a low-ozone layer in the middle stratosphere above 625 K and of tropical
origin with low-ozone layer between 400-K and 450-K isentropic levels in the
lower stratosphere. The upper and lower depleted parts of the ozonesonde
profile for 15 May, are respectively attributed to equatorward and poleward
transport of low-ozone air toward the subtropics. The tropical air moving
over Irene and the polar one passing over the same area associated with
enhanced planetary-wave activity are simulated successfully using a
high-resolution advection contour model (MIMOSA) of Potential Vorticity.
Indeed, in mid-May 2002, MIMOSA maps show a polar vortex filament in the
middle stratosphere above the 625-K isentropic level and they show also
tropical air-masses moving southward (over Irene) in the lower stratosphere
between 400-K and 450-K isentropic levels. The winter stratospheric wave
driving and its associated localized isentropic mixing leading to the ozone
minimum are investigated by means of two diagnostic tools: the Eliassen-Palm
flux and the effective diffusivity computed from the European Center for
Medium-range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) fields.

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
The unusual distribution of ozone over Irene during May 2002 in the middle
stratosphere is closely connected to the anomalously pre-conditioned
structure of the polar vortex at that time of the year. Indeed, the
perturbed vortex was typically predisposed for easy erosion by dynamical
transport processes, which have been driven by strong planetary wave
activity and have eventually resulted in a very large latitudinal advection
of polar air masses towards the subtropics. The exceptional presence of
polar vortex air over the subtropics during May 2002 can be considered as
the first sign of the particular polar vortex disturbances, which after
being well reinforced, contributed to the unprecedented behavior of the
Antarctic spring ozone hole observed during September 2002.</p>
</abstract>
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