<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD Journal Publishing DTD v3.0 20080202//EN" "http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/3.0/journalpublishing3.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ACPD</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ACPD</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">1680-7375</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus GmbH</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/acpd-2-983-2002</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Suppression of chlorine activation on aviation-produced volatile particles</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Meilinger</surname>
<given-names>S. K.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Kärcher</surname>
<given-names>B.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Peter</surname>
<given-names>Th.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>MPI für Chemie, Mainz, Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>DLR Oberpfaffenhofen, Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre, Wessling, Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>ETH Laboratorium für Atmosphärenphysik, Zürich, Switzerland</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>15</day>
<month>07</month>
<year>2002</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2</volume>
<issue>4</issue>
<fpage>983</fpage>
<lpage>998</lpage>
<permissions>
<license xlink:type="simple">
<license-p>This is an open-access article ditributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/2/983/2002/acpd-2-983-2002.html">This article is available from http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/2/983/2002/acpd-2-983-2002.html</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/2/983/2002/acpd-2-983-2002.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/2/983/2002/acpd-2-983-2002.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>We examine the effect of
      nm-sized aircraft-induced aqueous sulfuric acid (H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;SO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;/H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O) particles on atmospheric ozone
      as a function of temperature. Our calculations are based on a previously derived parameterization for the regional-scale perturbations of the sulfate
      surface area density due to air traffic in the North Atlantic Flight Corridor
      (NAFC) and a chemical box model. We confirm large scale model results that at temperatures
      T &amp;gt; 210 K additional ozone loss -- mainly caused by hydrolysis of BrONO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and
      N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt; -- scales in proportion with the aviation-produced increase of the background aerosol surface area.
      However, at lower temperatures (&amp;lt; 210 K) we isolate two effects which efficiently reduce the aircraft-induced perturbation:
      (1) background particles growth due to H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O and HNO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; uptake enhance scavenging losses of
      aviation-produced liquid particles and (2) the Kelvin effect efficiently limits
      chlorine activation on the small aircraft-induced droplets by reducing the
      solubility of chemically reacting species. These two effects lead to a substantial reduction of heterogeneous chemistry on aircraft-induced volatile
      aerosols under cold conditions. In contrast we find contrail ice particles
      to be potentially important for heterogeneous chlorine activation and ozone depletion.
      These features have not been taken into consideration in previous global studies of the atmospheric impact of
      aviation. Therefore, to parameterize them in global chemistry and transport models,
      we propose the following parameterisation: scale the hydrolysis reactions by the aircraft-induced surface area
      increase, and neglect heterogeneous chlorine reactions on liquid plume particles
      but not on ice contrails and aircraft induced ice clouds.</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="16"/></counts>
</article-meta>
</front>
<body/>
<back>
</back>
</article>