ACPD Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions ACPD 1680-7375 Copernicus GmbH Göttingen, Germany 10.5194/acpd-11-20713-2011 Characterization of the inter-annual, seasonal, and diurnal variations of condensation particle concentrations at Neumayer, Antarctica Weller R. 1 Minikin A. 2 Wagenbach D. 3 Dreiling V. 4 5 Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre, Oberpfaffenhofen, 82234 Weßling, Germany Institut für Umweltphysik, University Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre, Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany now at: Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Flugexperimente, Oberpfaffenhofen, 82234 Weßling, Germany 21 07 2011 11 7 20713 20755 This is an open-access article ditributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. This article is available from http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/11/20713/2011/acpd-11-20713-2011.html The full text article is available as a PDF file from http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/11/20713/2011/acpd-11-20713-2011.pdf

Continuous condensation particle (CP) observations were conducted from 1984 through 2009 at Neumayer Station under stringent contamination control. During this period, the CP concentration (median 258 cm<sup>−3</sup>) showed no significant long term trend but exhibited a pronounced seasonality characterized by a stepwise increase starting in September and reaching its annual maximum of around 10<sup>3</sup> cm<sup>−3</sup> in March. Minimum values below 10<sup>2</sup> cm<sup>−3</sup> were observed during June/July. Dedicated time series analyses in the time and frequency domain revealed no significant correlations between inter-annual CP concentration variations and atmospheric circulation indices like Southern Annular Mode (SAM) or Southern Ocean Index (SOI). The impact of the Pinatubo volcanic eruption and strong El Niño events did not affect CP concentrations. From thermodenuder experiments we deduced that the portion of volatile (at 125 °C) and semi-volatile (at 250 °C) particles which could be both associated with biogenic sulfur aerosol, was maximum during austral summer, while during winter non-volatile sea salt particles dominated. During September through April we could frequently detect nucleation events which occurred preferentially in the afternoon. Over the year, roughly 20 % of the particles could be assigned to the nucleation mode between 3 nm and 7 nm particle diameter.

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