References

ACPD

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions

ACPD

1680-7375

Copernicus GmbH

Göttingen, Germany

10.5194/acpd-11-11861-2011

Lidar-derived PM10 and comparison with regional modeling in the frame of the MEGAPOLI Paris summer campaign

Royer

¹ ² Chazette

¹ S artelet

³ Zhang

Q. J.

⁴ ⁵ Beekmann

⁴ Raut

J.-C.

⁶

Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE), Laboratoire mixte CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, UMR 1572, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France

LEOSPHERE, 76 rue de Monceau, 75008 Paris, France

Centre d'Enseignement et de Recherche en Environnement Atmosphérique (CEREA), Joint Laboratory Ecole des Ponts Paris Tech/EDF R&D, Université Paris-Est, 6–8 Avenue Blaise Pascal, Cité Descartes Champs-sur-Marne, 77455 Marne la Vallée, France

Laboratoire Inter-universitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA), Laboratoire mixte Paris VII-UPEC-CNRS, UMR 7583, 61 Avenue du Général de Gaulle, 94010 Créteil, France

ARIA Technologies, 8-10 rue de la ferme, 92100, Boulogne-Billancourt, France

Laboratoire Atmosphères Milieux Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Laboratoire mixte UPMC-UVSQ-CNRS, UMR 8190, Université Paris 6, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, France

15 04 2011

11 4 11861 11909

This is an open-access article ditributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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An original approach using mobile lidar measurements was implemented to validate mass concentrations (PM10) predicted by chemistry-transport models. A ground-based mobile lidar (GBML) was deployed around Paris onboard a van during the MEGAPOLI (Megacities: Emissions, urban, regional and Global Atmospheric POLlution and climate effects, and Integrated tools for assessment and mitigation) summer experiment in July 2009. The measurements performed with this Rayleigh-Mie lidar are converted into PM10 profiles using optical-to-mass relationships previously established from in situ measurements performed around Paris for urban and peri-urban aerosols. The method is described here and applied to the 10 measurements days (MD). MD of 1, 15, 16 and 26 July 2009 correspond to contrasted levels of pollution and atmospheric conditions. They are analyzed here in more details. Lidar-derived PM10 are compared with results of simulations from POLYPHEMUS and CHIMERE chemistry-transport models (CTM) and with ground-based observations from AIRPARIF network. GBML-derived and AIRPARIF in situ measurements have been found to be in good agreement with a mean Root Mean Square Error RMSE (and a Mean Absolute Percentage Error MAPE) of 5.9 μg m−3 (21.0%) with peri-urban and 8.7 μg m−3 (25.4%) with urban relationships, respectively. The comparisons between CTMs and lidar have shown that CTMs tend to underestimate wet PM10 concentrations as revealed by the mean wet PM10 observed during the 10 MD of 22.7, 20.0 and 17.5 μg m−3 for lidar with peri-urban relationship, POLYPHEMUS and CHIMERE models, respectively. This leads to a RMSE (and a MAPE) of 7.2 μg m−3 (33.4%) and 7.4 μg m−3 (32.0%) when considering POLYPHEMUS and CHIMERE CTMs, respectively. Wet integrated PM10 computed (between the ground and 1 km above the ground level) from lidar, POLYPHEMUS and CHIMERE results have been compared and have shown similar results with a RMSE (and MAPE) of 6.7 μg m−2 (30.7%) and 7.1 μg m−2 (28.4%) with POLYPHEMUS and CHIMERE when comparing with lidar-periu-urban parametrization. The values are of the same order of magnitude than other comparisons realized in previous studies. The discrepancies observed between models and measured PM10 can be explained by difficulties to accurately model the background conditions, the positions and strengths of the plume, the vertical diffusion (as well as the limited vertical model resolutions) and the chemical modeling such as the formation of secondary aerosols.

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