Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions
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10.5194/acpd-10-4543-2010
http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/10/4543/2010/
http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/10/4543/2010/acpd-10-4543-2010.html
http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/10/4543/2010/acpd-10-4543-2010.pdf
4543
4592
2010-02-15
A global modeling study on carbonaceous aerosol microphysical characteristics and radiative forcing
S. E. Bauer
sbauer@giss.nasa.gov
S. Menon
D. Koch
T. C. Bond
K. Tsigaridis
NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, New York, NY, USA
The Earth Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA
Recently, attention has been drawn towards black carbon aerosols as a
short-term climate warming mitigation candidate. However the global and
regional impacts of the direct, cloud-indirect and semi-direct forcing
effects are highly uncertain, due to the complex nature of aerosol evolution
and the way that mixed, aged aerosols interact with clouds and radiation. A
detailed aerosol microphysical scheme, MATRIX, embedded within the GISS
climate model is used in this study to present a quantitative assessment of
the impact of microphysical processes involving black carbon, such as
emission size distributions and optical properties on aerosol cloud
activation and radiative forcing.
<br><br>
Our best estimate for net direct and indirect aerosol radiative forcing
between 1750 and 2000 is −0.56 W/m<sup>2</sup>. However, the direct and indirect
aerosol effects are quite sensitive to the black and organic carbon size
distribution and consequential mixing state. The net radiative forcing can
vary between −0.32 to −0.75 W/m<sup>2</sup> depending on these carbonaceous
particle properties at emission. Assuming that sulfates, nitrates and
secondary organics form a coating around a black carbon core, rather than
forming a uniformly mixed particle, changes the overall net aerosol
radiative forcing from negative to positive. Taking into account internally
mixed black carbon particles let us simulate correct aerosol absorption.
Black carbon absorption is amplified by sulfate and nitrate coatings, but
even more strongly by organic coatings. Black carbon mitigation scenarios
generally showed reduced radiative forcing when sources with a large
proportion of black carbon, such as diesel, are reduced; however reducing
sources with a larger organic carbon component as well, such as bio-fuels,
does not necessarily lead to climate benefits.
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