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	<journal>
		<journal_title>Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions</journal_title>
		<journal_url>www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net</journal_url>
		<issn>1680-7367</issn>
		<eissn>1680-7375</eissn>
		<volume_number>10</volume_number>
		<issue_number>2</issue_number>
		<publication_year>2010</publication_year>
	</journal>
	<doi>10.5194/acpd-10-3499-2010</doi>
	<article_url>http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/10/3499/2010/</article_url>
	<abstract_html>http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/10/3499/2010/acpd-10-3499-2010.html</abstract_html>
	<fulltext_pdf>http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/10/3499/2010/acpd-10-3499-2010.pdf</fulltext_pdf>
	<start_page>3499</start_page>
	<end_page>3546</end_page>
	<publication_date>2010-02-09</publication_date>
	<article_title content_type="html">Characterization of particle cloud droplet activity and composition in the free troposphere and the boundary layer during INTEX-B</article_title>
	<authors>
		<author numeration="1" affiliations="1">
			<name>G. C. Roberts</name>
			<email>gcroberts@ucsd.edu</email>
		</author>
		<author numeration="2" affiliations="1">
			<name>D. A. Day</name>
		</author>
		<author numeration="3" affiliations="1">
			<name>L. M. Russell</name>
		</author>
		<author numeration="4" affiliations="2">
			<name>E. J. Dunlea</name>
		</author>
		<author numeration="5" affiliations="2,3">
			<name>J. L. Jimenez</name>
		</author>
		<author numeration="6" affiliations="4,6">
			<name>J. M. Tomlinson</name>
		</author>
		<author numeration="7" affiliations="4">
			<name>D. R. Collins</name>
		</author>
		<author numeration="8" affiliations="5,7">
			<name>Y. Shinozuka</name>
		</author>
		<author numeration="9" affiliations="5">
			<name>A. D. Clarke</name>
		</author>
	</authors>
	<affiliations>
		<affiliation numeration="1" content_type="html">Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA</affiliation>
		<affiliation numeration="2" content_type="html">Cooperative Institute for Research in the Environmental Sciences (CIRES), Boulder, CO, USA</affiliation>
		<affiliation numeration="3" content_type="html">Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA</affiliation>
		<affiliation numeration="4" content_type="html">Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Texas A&amp;M University, College Station, TX, USA</affiliation>
		<affiliation numeration="5" content_type="html">School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA</affiliation>
		<affiliation numeration="6" content_type="html">now at: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA</affiliation>
		<affiliation numeration="7" content_type="html">now at: NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA</affiliation>
	</affiliations>
	<abstract content_type="html">Measurements of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), aerosol size
      distributions, and submicron aerosol composition were made as part of
      the Intercontinental Chemical Transport Experiment Phase B (INTEX-B)
      campaign during spring 2006. Measurements were conducted from an
      aircraft platform over the Northeastern Pacific and Western North
      America with a focus on how the transport and evolution of Asian
      pollution across the Pacific Ocean affected CCN properties. A broad
      range of air masses were sampled and here we focus on three distinct
      air mass types defined geographically: the Pacific free troposphere
      (FT), the marine boundary layer (MBL), and the polluted continental
      boundary layer in the California Central Valley (CCV). These
      observations add to the few observations of CCN in the FT. CCN
      concentrations showed a large range of concentrations between air
masses, however CCN activity was similar for the MBL and CCV (&amp;kappa;~0.2–0.25).
FT air masses showed evidence of long-range
      transport from Asia and CCN activity was consistently higher than for
      the boundary layer air masses. Bulk chemical measurements predicted
      CCN activity reasonably well for the CCV and FT air masses. Decreasing
      trends in &amp;kappa; with organic mass fraction were observed for the
      combination of the FT and CCV air masses and can be explained by the
      measured soluble inorganic chemical components. Changes in
      hygroscopicity associated with differences in the non-refractory
      organic composition were too small to be distinguished from the
      simultaneous changes in inorganic ion composition in the FT and MBL,
      although measurements for the large organic fractions (0.6–0.8) found
      in the CCV showed values of the organic fraction hygroscopicity
      consistent with other polluted regions (&amp;kappa;&lt;sub&gt;org&lt;/sub&gt;~0.1–0.2). A comparison of CCN-derived &amp;kappa; (for
      particles at the critical diameter) to TDMA-derived &amp;kappa; (for
      particles at 100 nm diameter) showed similar trends, however the
      CCN-derived &amp;kappa; values were significantly higher.</abstract>
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</article>

