<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD Journal Publishing DTD v3.0 20080202//EN" "http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/3.0/journalpublishing3.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ACPD</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ACPD</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">1680-7375</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus GmbH</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/acpd-10-19277-2010</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Manchester Ice Nucleus Counter (MINC) measurements from the 2007 International workshop on Comparing Ice nucleation Measuring Systems (ICIS-2007)</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Jones</surname>
<given-names>H. M.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Flynn</surname>
<given-names>M. J.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>DeMott</surname>
<given-names>P. J.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Möhler</surname>
<given-names>O.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Centre for Atmospheric Science, SEAES, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>16</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2010</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>10</volume>
<issue>8</issue>
<fpage>19277</fpage>
<lpage>19307</lpage>
<permissions>
<license xlink:type="simple">
<license-p>This is an open-access article ditributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/10/19277/2010/acpd-10-19277-2010.html">This article is available from http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/10/19277/2010/acpd-10-19277-2010.html</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/10/19277/2010/acpd-10-19277-2010.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/10/19277/2010/acpd-10-19277-2010.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>An ice nucleus counter was developed and constructed to enable investigation
of potential ice nucleating materials. The Manchester Ice Nucleus Chamber
(MINC) is a concentric-cylinder continuous flow diffusion chamber (CFDC). A
full explanation of the MINC instrument is given here, along with first
results and a comparison to an established instrument of similar design
(Colorado State University CFDC) during sampling of common ice nucleating
aerosols at the 2007 International workshop on Comparing Ice nucleation
Measuring Systems (ICIS-2007). Both instruments detected the onset of ice
nucleation under similar conditions of temperature and supersaturation for
several different types of ice nuclei. Comparisons of the ratio of ice
nuclei to total aerosol concentrations as a function of relative humidity
(RH) showed agreement within one order of magnitude. Possible reasons for
differences between the two instruments relating to differences in their
design are discussed, along with suggestions to future improvements to the
current design.</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="31"/></counts>
</article-meta>
</front>
<body/>
<back>
<ref-list>
<title>References</title>
<ref id="ref1">
<label>1</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Bergeron, T.: On the low-level redistribution of atmospheric water caused by orography, in: Suppl. Proceedings of the International Conference on Cloud Physics, Tokyo and Sapporo, 24 May–1 June, 96–100, 1965. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref2">
<label>2</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> DeMott, P. J., Petters, M. D., Prenni, A. J., Carrico, C. M., Kreidenweis, S. M., Collett, J. L., and Moosmüller, H.: Ice nucleation behavior of biomass combustion particles at cirrus temperatures, J. Geophys. Res., 114, D16205, doi:10.1029/2009JD012036, 2009. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref3">
<label>3</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> DeMott, P.J., Prenni, A. J., Liu, X., Kreidenweis, S. M., Petters, M. D., Twohy, C. H., Richardson, M. S., Eidhammer, T., and Rogers, D. C.: Predicting global atmospheric ice nuclei distributions and their impacts on climate, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 107(25), 11217–11222, 2010a. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref4">
<label>4</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> DeMott, P. J., Möhler, O., Stetzer, O., Murakami, M., Leisner, T., Bundke, U., Klein, H., Kanji, Z., Cotton, R., Jones, H., Petters, M. D., Benz, S., Brinkmann, M., Rzesanke, D., Saathoff, H., Nicolet, M., Gallavardin, S., Saito, A., Nillius, B., Bingemer, H., Abbatt, J., Ardon, K., Levin, Z., Ganor, E., Georgakopoulos, D. G., Saunders, C., and Vali, G.: Resurgence in ice nuclei measurement research, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., in review, 2010b. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref5">
<label>5</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Eidhammer, T., DeMott, P. J., Rogers, D. C., Prenni, A. J., Petters, M. D., Twohy, C. H., Rogers, D. C., Stith, J., Heymsfield, A., Wang, Z., Haimov, S., French, J., Pratt, K., Prather, K., Murphy, S., Seinfeld, J., Subramanian, R., and Kreidenweis, S. M.: Ice initiation by aerosol particles: Measured and predicted ice nuclei concentrations versus measured ice crystal concentrations in an orographic wave cloud, J. Atmos. Sci., in press, doi: 10.1175/2010JAS3266.1, 2010. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref6">
<label>6</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Elliott, W. P.: Dimensions of thermal diffusion chambers. J. Aerosol Sci., 28, 810–811, 1971. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref7">
<label>7</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Fukuta, N. and Saxena, V. K.: Horizontal Thermal-Gradient Cloud Condensation Nucleus Spectrometer, J. Appl. Meteorol., 18(10): 1352 – 1362, 1979. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref8">
<label>8</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Knudsen, J. G. and Katz, D. L.: Fluid dynamics and heat transfer, McGraw Hill, New York, USA, 576 pp., 1958. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref9">
<label>9</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Meyers, M. P., DeMott, P. J., and Cotton, W. R.: New primary ice-nucleation parametrisations in an explicit cloud model, J. Appl. Meteorol., 31(7), 708–721, 1992. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref10">
<label>10</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Koehler, K. A., Kreidenweis, S. M., DeMott, P. J., Petters, M. D., Prenni, A. J., and Möhler, O.: Investigations of the impact of natural dust aerosol on cold cloud formation, Atmos. Chem. Phys., in preparation, 2010. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref11">
<label>11</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Möhler, O., Stetzer, O., Schaefer, S. Linke, C., Schnaiter, M., Tiede, R., Saathoff, H., Kramer, M., Mangold, A., Budz, P., Zink, P., Schreiner, J., Mauerberger, K., Haag, W., Karcher, B., and Schurath, U.: Experimental investigation of homogeneous freezing of sulphuric acid particles in the aerosol chamber AIDA, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 3, 211–223, doi:10.5194/acp-3-211-2003, 2003. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref12">
<label>12</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Möhler, O., DeMott, P. J., Stetzer, O., and the ICIS-2007 team.: The Fourth International Ice Nucleation Workshop ICIS-2007, Proceedings to the 15th International Conference on Clouds and Precipitation, Cancun, Mexico, 7–11 July, 2008. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref13">
<label>13</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Richardson, M. S., DeMott, P. J., Kreidenweis, S. M., Petters, M. D., and Carrico, C. M.: Observations of ice nucleation by ambient aerosol in the homogeneous freezing regime, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L04806, doi:10.1029/2009GL041912, 2010. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref14">
<label>14</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Rogers, D. C.: Development of a continuous flow thermal gradient diffusion chamber for ice nucleation studies, Atmos. Res., 22, 149–181, 1988. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref15">
<label>15</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Rogers, D. C., DeMott, P. J., Kreidenweis, S. M., and Chen, Y. L.: A continuous-flow diffusion chamber for airborne measurements of ice nuclei, J. Atmos. Ocean. Tech., 18(5), 725–741, 2001. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref16">
<label>16</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Saxena, V. K., Burford, J. N., and Kassner, J. L.: Operation of a Thermal Diffusion Chamber for Measurements on Cloud Condensation Nuclei, J. Atmos. Sci., 27(1), 73–75, 1970. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref17">
<label>17</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Sinnarwalla, A. M. and Alofs, D. J.: A cloud nucleus counter with long available growth time, J. Appl. Meteorol., 12, 831–835, 1973. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref18">
<label>18</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Stetzer, O., Baschek, B., Luond, F., and Lohmann, U.: The Zurich Ice Nucleation Chamber (ZINC) – A new instrument to investigate atmospheric ice formation, Aerosol Sci. Tech., 42, 64–74, 2008. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref19">
<label>19</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Szyrmer, W. and Zawadzki, I.: Biogenic and anthropogenic sources of ice forming nuclei: A review, B. Am. Meteor. Soc., 78(2), 209–228, 1997. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref20">
<label>20</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Vali, G.: Nucleation Terminology, B. Am. Meteor. Soc., 66, 1426–1427, 1985. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref21">
<label>21</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Vali, G.: Ice Nucleation Workshop, Summary Report, University of Wyoming, Laramie, USA, 18 pp., 1975. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref22">
<label>22</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Williams, P. I., McFiggans, G., and Gallagher, M. W.: Latitudinal aerosol size distribution variation in the Eastern Atlantic Ocean measured aboard the FS-Polartern, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 1–11, doi:10.5194/acp-7-2563-2007, 2007. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>